How to Calculate Freight Class
A step-by-step guide to determining NMFC freight class for LTL shipping. Get it right the first time and avoid costly reclassification fees.
✓ 4 classification factors explained
✓ Density calculation walkthrough
✓ Try the calculator →
Freight class estimator
Enter pallet dimensions & weight to estimate LTL freight class.
53.33 cu ft · 500.0 lbs · 9.38 PCF
Density → class reference table
| Density (PCF) | Class |
|---|---|
| ≥ 50 | 50 |
| 35 – < 50 | 55 |
| 30 – < 35 | 60 |
| 22.5 – < 30 | 65 |
| 15 – < 22.5 | 70 |
| 13.5 – < 15 | 77.5 |
| 12 – < 13.5 | 85 |
| 10.5 – < 12 | 92.5 |
| 9 – < 10.5 | 100 |
| 8 – < 9 | 110 |
| 7 – < 8 | 125 |
| 6 – < 7 | 150 |
| 5 – < 6 | 175 |
| 4 – < 5 | 200 |
| 3 – < 4 | 250 |
| 2 – < 3 | 300 |
| 1 – < 2 | 400 |
| 0 – < 1 | 500 |
The 4 Factors of Freight Classification
1. Density
Weight per cubic foot. The primary factor for most commodities. Higher density = lower class = cheaper.
2. Stowability
How well the freight fits with other items in a trailer. Irregular shapes or hazmat reduce stowability.
3. Handling
Special care or equipment needed. Standard palletized freight is easiest; fragile/oversized items cost more.
4. Liability
Value, perishability, and theft risk. High-value or fragile goods may be classified higher regardless of density.
Step-by-Step: Calculate Your Class
- Measure: L × W × H in inches (include pallet and packaging)
- Weigh: Total weight in pounds (include pallet)
- Calculate volume: (L × W × H) ÷ 1,728 = cubic feet
- Calculate density: Weight ÷ Volume = lbs/ft³
- Find your class: Match density to the NMFC chart or check your specific NMFC code
Avoid Reclassification Fees
If a carrier inspects your shipment and finds the actual class differs from what you declared, they'll reclassify it and charge the higher rate plus a reweigh/reclass fee ($50–$150+). Always measure and weigh accurately.